The stars, the moon, and the official languages of Europe

So, today we have a Sappho fragment. We've already seen it here and also here, as well as in the various editions: it's the one about the stars around the moon, LP 34. Alongside the idea described at the sister post of this titled «Le stelle, la luna, e i dialetti italiani», I had the idea of making an episode for every continent, translating this thing to one official language per country of that continent. So let's see what I got for Europe:

1. German from , dated «around 19 on 5/3/21, with the corrections suggested around 19:45 by this comment;
2. Italian, version 2 from the edition, for Italy, whose translation «inizia con i primi due versi all'1:33 dell'1/9/25, e finisce col resto il giorno dopo alle 13:39» (stars with the first two lines at 1:33 on 1/9/25 and ends with the rest the next day at 13:39); I replace version 1 with version 2 here, saving version 1 in its latest revision for the Italian dialects post;
3. English for the UK from the post with the German, dated to «the night between 28 and 29/3/21, specifically around 1:25»;
4. Modern Greek for Greece, dated 21/1/25 19:32-19:54, the better of two versions that will appear in the Greek anthology (or have appeared if the anthology has been launched, which it hasn't as of 29/10/25);
5. Albanian for Albania, with initial version dated 8/4/25 14:13-14:37; aiming to do Gheg (Kosovar) Albanian for Kosovo to avoid duplicates; the Corrected version was sent 27/9/25 23:09 with comment «Così è un po più definita diciamo, and I fixed the meter 23:24-23:30 as per Metrical 1, and Metrical 2 is from 23:40;
6. French for France, dated 9/4/25 8:43-8:45;
7. Hungarian for Hungary, dated 10/4/25 13:24-15:03, an actual Sapphic stanza;
8. Spanish for Spain, dated 10/4/25 20:39-20:47 with plata suggested 23:37 and endorsed at 12:05 on 5/5/25 by my consultant, discarding argento which "non si usa";
9. Czech for the Czech republic, dated 11/4/25 11:04-13:34, an actual Sapphic stanza;
10. Slovak for Slovakia, dated 24/4/25 16:21-17:20, another actual Sapphic stanza; I hoped to quickly Slovakify the Czech, but no luck, kolem -> okolo just didn't fit the meter, and měsíc becoming mesiac too, and more such changes;
11. BCMS (Bosnian-Croatian-Montenegrin-Serbian) for one of the four countries, still have to figure those out; it came in its original form completely out of the blue 4/6/25 21:09/10, then I tried to make it metrical as per version Metrical-1 10/6/25 23:42 - 11/6/25 0:54, but several errors were in there; lots of back and forth with the author of the original version, namely Transatlantic on Quora, led to versions Metrical-2 and Metrical-3 at 12:52:48 on that same 11/6, and eventually, with more interactions, I got to the final version at 18:37:36 on the same day, which unfortunately «doesn't read like good poetry in Croatian. For several reasons: The filler words (sve, tu, našu) sound a lot of like pop or rock song writing from the 60s to the 90s, where they often used to add words just because they needed an extra syllable. Also, the non-canonical word order sounds unnecessarily perturbed (just to shoehorn the words into the desirec metre)», according to Transatlantic, but then again, I need something to sing to the tune;
12. Portuguese for Portugal, made specifically to pair it with Spanish and have something to pair with BCMS when adding it here, i.e. made 12/6/25 16:16-16:19; again, tried to Portuguesify the Spanish, ended up stuck at "cercano" :);
13. Latin for the Vatican, also found here; we have the high school Latin, «Within 22/5/10, twk. betw. 26/7/10 and 16/8/10 | SP1 residue tweaked in S5»; the right-hand improvement at Sparse translations of Sappho into "unconventional" languages, dated 3/5/25 13:01-13:02; and the l. 2 from 16:38-16:39 on 7/9/25, which places the translation here;
14. Italian, version 3 from the edition, for San Marino, again to avoid duplicates; dated to 1:09 on 3/9/25, where the choice of last line that discarded «Piena, argentata» was made at 21:11 on 6/9/25; thought of trying a San Marino Romagnol version, but the Fb group for S.M. doesn't respond, and I don't know that variety of Romagnol;
15. Romanian for Romania and Moldova, done by me 14/11/25 21:53-22:11 and pending comments from a consultant;
16. Bulgarian for Bulgaria, done by me 14/11/25 22:14-22:35 and approved by a consultant;
17. Macedonian for North Macedonia, which I hoped would be an easy fix from Bulgarian, but besides осветява->осветлува (14/11/25 22:44 as the only thing needing a fix according to Google Translate) I had to remake basically everything 18/11/25 16:18-16:43;
18. Russian for Russia, done 17/11/25 20:13-20:35;
19. Finnish for Finland, done 18/11/25 21:31-21:57;
20. Catalan for Andorra, done 19/11/25 20:54-21:10;
21. Romansh for Switzerland, done 19/11/25 21:12-21:32;
22. Dutch for the Netherlands and Belgium, done 23/11/25 18:47-19:08 and approved with a spello fix (schoone->schone) later that evening;
23. Polish for Poland, done 23/11/25 19:12-19:28.

The plan is to do:

1. Icelandic for Iceland;
2. Irish for Ireland;
3. English, Welsh, and Scottish Gaelic for the UK; also, Saint?
4. Portuguese for Portugal;
5. Spanish for Spain;
6. Catalan for Andorra;
7. Italian for Italy;
8. Latin for the Vatican;
9. Other Italian for San Marino;
10. French and Italian for Monaco;
11. French for France;
12. Romansh for Switzerland, maybe with double voices for the other three official languages;
13. German for Liechtenstein;
14. Luxembourgish for Luxembourg;
15. French and Dutch for Belgium;
16. Dutch and one Frisian for the Netherlands;
17. German and Upper Sorbian for Germany;
18. Danish and Faroese for Denmark;
19. Nynorsk for Norway;
20. Swedish for Sweden;
21. Finnish for Finland;
22. Estonian for Estonia;
23. Latvian for Latvia;
24. Lithuanian for Lithuania;
25. Polish for Poland;
26. Slovak for Slovakia;
27. Czech for the Czech republic;
28. German and Central Bavarian for Austria;
29. Slovene for Slovenia;
30. Serbo-Croatian and Ruthenian for Croatia;
31. Serbo-Croatian and English for Bosnia and Herzegovina (Dayton Agreement);
32. Serbo-Croatian and Albanian for Montenegro;
33. Albanian for Albania;
34. Modern Greek for Greece;
35. Cypriot Greek and Turkish for Cyprus;
36. Maltese for Malta;
37. Gheg for Kosovo;
38. Macedonian for North Macedonia;
39. Bulgarian for Bulgaria;
40. Serbo-Croatian and Rusyn for Serbia;
41. Hungarian for Hungary;
42. Romanian for Romania;
43. Romanian, Ukrainian and Russian for Moldova;
44. Ukrainian for Ukraine;
45. Belarusian for Belarus;
46. Russian for Russia.

As you can see, still a long way to go.

Greek original: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Irish for Ireland: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Scottish Gaelic for the UK: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Saint for the UK: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Spanish for Spain: Cada estrella toda su luz esconde Si la linda luna le está cercana, Llena, mientras que todo el mundo llena Con luz de plata. Italian for Italy and Monaco: Nuovamente intorno alla bella luna La brillante faccia le stelle ascondon Or che piena argentea più che mai ri- splende sul mondo. Italian for San Marino: Nuovamente celan la loro luce Or le stelle intorno alla bella luna; Ella più che mai sulla Terra splende, Piena e d'argento. Romansh for Switzerland: Oh! Las stailas zuppan puspè la fatscha Lur de glitsch enturn a la bella glina Cu, paschaivla e tuta d'argent, traglischa Sur el noss mund. Luxembourgish for Luxembourg: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Some Frisian for the Netherlands: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Danish for Denmark: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Nynorsk for Norway: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Finnish for Finland: Ympärilleen Kuun upean jokainen Tähti kirkkaan kaikki valonsa kätkee Kun, hopeinen, Maan yli täysikuun kirk- kaasti helotti. Latvian for Latvia: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Polish for Poland: Gwiazdy wokół pięknej księżyca znowu Wygląd ich błyszczący chowają wszystek; Ona, pełna i srebrna, nad świecie świeci Bardziej niž wszystko. Slovak for Slovakia: Hľa, schovávajú všetok jas teraz svoj Hviezdy blízko splnu zatiaľ čo, krásny I streborný, on naplni svet, ó, svo- jím svetlom jasným. Central Bavarian for Austria: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Ruthenian (Cyrillic) for Croatia: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Initial Metrical-1 Metrical-2 Metrical-3 Final BCMS (Cyrillic) for Croatia, Bosnia&H, Montenegro, Serbia: Okolo di̱vnoga mjese̱ca zvije̱zde Iznova skriju svetlucav svo̱j li̱k Kada god o̱n pun pona̱jjače sja̱ Svud po zemlji posrebrenoj. BCMS (Cyrillic) for Croatia, Bosnia&H, Montenegro, Serbia: Sve zvije̱zde mje̱sece bli̱zu kra̱snog Svetlucav svo̱j li̱k kriju͜ ope̱t, kad o̱n, pun I srebren, tu/tu̱ zemlju popli̱vi ra̱ža- ma svetlosti svog. BCMS (Cyrillic) for Croatia, Bosnia&H, Montenegro, Serbia: Sve zvije̱zde u blizini mjese̱ca Kra̱snoga svo̱j svetlo ope̱t kriju sve Kad, pun i srebren, popuni̱ svetla zra- kom našu zemlju. BCMS (Cyrillic) for Croatia, Bosnia&H, Montenegro, Serbia: Sve zvije̱zde u blizini mjese̱ca Kra̱snoga svo̱j svetlo ope̱t kriju sve Kad, pun i srebren, puni o̱n svetla zra- kom našu zemlju. BCMS (Cyrillic) for Croatia, Bosnia&H, Montenegro, Serbia: Sve zvije̱zde u blizini mjese̱ca Kra̱snoga svoje svetlo͜ ope̱t kriju sve Kad, pun, o̱n srebra zrakama prepla̱vi̱ Tu̱ našu zemlju. Initial Corrected Metrical 1 Metrical 2 Albanian for Montenegro and Albania: Yjet t' gjith' përreth hënës shum' së bukur Prap' tani fytyrën të ndritsh'm e fshehin, Ësht' e plot' ajo, edhe Tok'n e mbush me Rreze t' argjendtë. Albanian for Montenegro and Albania: Gjitha yjet perreth henes shum te bukura Akoma tani fshehin fytyren e ndritshme, Ajo eshte e plote e toka mbush me rrezet e argjente. Albanian for Montenegro and Albania: Yjët k'tu rreth hënës së bukura, shoh, Fshehin përsëri gjithë(?) drit'n e tyre Kur ajo, e plote, me argjendin e saj Mbush këtë Tokën. Albanian for Montenegro and Albania: Gjitha yjët rreth hënës shum' së bukura Përsëri, shoh, dritën e tyre e fshehin Kur ajo, e plote, me argjendin e saj Mbush këtë Tokën. Cypriot Greek for Cyprus: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Maltese for Malta: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Macedonian (Cyrillic) for North Macedonia: О́колу убава́та месе́чина, знај, Κри́јат по́вторно светлина́та(?) ни́вна По́веќе од се́што, осветлу́ва таа све- то́т, по́лна и сре́брена. Bulgarian (Cyrillic) for Bulgaria: О́коло краси́вата Лу́на, гле́дай, Светлина́та им вси́чки зве́зди кри́ят По́вече от вси́чко, света́͜ осветя́ва, Пъ́лна и сребри́ста. Rusyn (Cyrillic) for Serbia: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Hungarian: Újra minden csillag a Hold körül most Rejti fényét míg a csodálatos Hold Á, telik megtölti ezüsttel ezt a Földet az égről. Ukrainian (Cyrillic) for Moldova and Ukraine: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Belarusian (Cyrillic) for Belarus: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Russian (Cyrillic) for Moldova and Russia: Ах/Знай! Вокру́г краси́вой луны́ све звёзды Вид блестя́щий и́хний опе́т скрыва́ю Е́сли све́том мир залива́ет, по́лна- я͜ и серебри́стая.

Icelandic for Iceland: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. English for the UK and Bosnia and Herzegovina: All around the beautiful moon, the stars Once again their bright shining faces hide As it, full and silver, more than them all Lights up the Earth. Welsh for the UK: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Portuguese for Portugal: Cada estrela toda a sua luz esconde Se está cerca da bela luna cheia Quando ca sua luz prateada ela Enche a Terra. Catalan for Andorra: Al voltant de la bella luna amaguen Les estrelles la seva llum de nou; Plena e platejada, ella més que res il- lumina el mont. Latin for the Vatican: Asterēs pulchram prope lūnam ipsī Occulant lūcem facie͞i suæpte; Plēna, terram lūce potissimē͜ argen- tōque inundat. French for France, Monaco, and Belgium: Les étoiles autour de la lune si belle Cachent une autre fois leurs radieux visages Maint'nant qu'elle est pleine et d' rayons d'argent em- plit toute la terre. German for Liechtenstein, Germany, and Austria: Um den schönen Mond ihr Gesicht verdecken Und ihr Licht noch wieder die Sterne, wie er Voll und silberfarben, mit Strahlen Lichtes Füllet die Erde. Dutch for Belgium and the Netherlands: Om de schoone maan hun gezicht versteken Nu de sterren nogmaals, terwijl de volle Maan met zilver licht onze hele wereld Vult, helder schijnen. Upper Sorbian for Germany: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Faroese for Denmark: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Swedish for Sweden: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Estonian for Estonia: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Lithuanian for Lithuania: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Silesian for Poland: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Czech for the Czech republic: Hvězdy opět teď všechny kolem měsíce Své schovávají světlo, teď kdy, krásný, Úplněk svět náš zaplnit se stříbr- ným světlem, ó, svým. Slovene for Slovenia: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Ruthenian (Latin) for Croatia: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Initial Metrical-1 Metrical-2 Metrical-3 Final BCMS (Latin) for Croatia, Bosnia&H, Montenegro, Serbia: Okolo di̱vnoga mjese̱ca zvije̱zde Iznova skriju svetlucav svo̱j li̱k Kada god o̱n pun pona̱jjače sja̱ Svud po zemlji posrebrenoj. BCMS (Latin) for Croatia, Bosnia&H, Montenegro, Serbia: Sve zvije̱zde mje̱sece bli̱zu kra̱snog Svetlucav svo̱j li̱k kriju͜ ope̱t, kad o̱n, pun I srebren, tu/tu̱ zemlju popli̱vi ra̱ža- ma svetlosti svog. BCMS (Latin) for Croatia, Bosnia&H, Montenegro, Serbia: Sve zvije̱zde u blizini mjese̱ca Kra̱snoga svo̱j svetlo ope̱t kriju sve Kad, pun i srebren, popuni̱ svetla zra- kom našu zemlju. BCMS (Latin) for Croatia, Bosnia&H, Montenegro, Serbia: Sve zvije̱zde u blizini mjese̱ca Kra̱snoga svo̱j svetlo ope̱t kriju sve Kad, pun i srebren, puni o̱n svetla zra- kom našu zemlju. BCMS (Latin) for Croatia, Bosnia&H, Montenegro, Serbia: Sve zvije̱zde u blizini mjese̱ca Kra̱snoga svoje svetlo͜ ope̱t kriju sve Kad, pun, o̱n srebra zrakama prepla̱vi̱ Tu̱ našu zemlju. Modern Greek for Greece: Γύρω στ' όμορφο το φεγγάρι πάλι Αποκρύπτουν τ' άστρα το φως των όψεων, Όταν, αργυρή και γεμάτη, προπαν- τός στη γη λάμπει. Turkish for Cyprus: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Gheg Albanian for Kosovo: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Macedonian (Latin) for North Macedonia: Ókolu ubaváta(?) meséčina, znaj, Kríjat póvtorno svetlináta(?) nívna. Póveḱe od séšto, osvetlúva taa sve- tot, pë́lna i srébrena. Bulgarian (Latin) for Bulgaria: Ókolo krasívata lúna, glédaj, Svetlináta im vsíčki zvézdi kríjat; Póveče ot vsíčko, svetót osvetjáva, Pëlna i srebrísta. Rusyn (Latin) for Serbia: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Romanian for Romania and Moldova: Stelele în jurul frumoasei lunii Iar ascund aspectul strălucitor lor; Plină ș-argintată, iluminează Lumea mai mult de orice. Ukrainian (Latin) for Moldova and Ukraine: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Belarusian (Latin) for Belarus: Ἄστερες μὲν ἀμφὶ κάλαν σελάνναν ἂψ’ ἀπυκρύπτοισι φάεννον εἶδος, Ὄπποτα πλήθοισα μάλιστα λάμπῃ ἀργυρία γᾶν. Russian (Latin) for Moldova and Russia: Ax/Znaj! Vokrýg krasívoj luný svĵe zvĵózdy Vid blĵestĵáśij íxnij opĵét skryváĵu Ĵésli svĵétom mir zaliváĵet, pólna- ĵa͜ i sĵerĵebrístaĵa.